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81.
82.
We established the relationships between water chemistry changes in a pool fed by a permanent spring and seasonal variations in trace-element contents (Sr & Mg) in the shells of the ostracod species Herpetocypris intermedia, based on monthly collections of ostracod and water samples. The water chemistry of the investigated pool (Maïques, Valëncia, Spain) was dominated by calcium and bicarbonate, and showed marked seasonal variation in alkalinity, Ca2+ content, Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios. Although the variability in the water chemistry was relatively low (~10% relative standard deviation over the entire period), the trace-element contents in the ostracod shells tracked the seasonal change in the water chemistry of Maïques pool. Moreover, due to the rapid renewal of H. intermedia population, this species is able torecord in its shells the evolution of the water chemistry at a monthly time scale. Our results also showed that, in the Maïques pool system, ostracod Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios increased with the decrease in water salinity.To our knowledge, this is the first geochemical study of ostracods dwelling in spring environments. The results of this study may be applied to paleohydrological reconstruction using ostracods preserved in sediments deposited around springs (i.e. travertine and tufa deposits). 相似文献
83.
临汾龙子祠泉岩溶水系统水文地质特征及开发利用前景 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
在讨论了龙子祠泉岩溶水系统岩叶下水水文地质特征的基础上,岩溶地下水对开发利用前景进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
84.
Katja Fennel 《Ocean Dynamics》2001,52(2):58-70
Elken et al. (1994) suggested that phytoplankton patchiness can be generated by mesoscale eddies in light-limited, nutrient-replete
environments. This hypothesis is explored using two ecological models of different physical complexity. The model results
support the idea that the coupling of mesoscale eddy circulation and phytoplankton growth leads to differential growth rates
and thus generates variability in phytoplankton distributions. The specific circulation of a cyclonic eddy isolates a phytoplankton
population in its core. Due to the reduced vertical mixing, a higher growth rate is supported in the core, and phytoplankton
concentrations increase compared to the surrounding environment. A one-dimensional model is used to explore the hypothesis
in general and to perform sensitivity studies. A more realistic simulation uses a coupled three- dimensional model for the
western Baltic Sea. Starting from vertically and horizontally homogeneous distributions for nutrients and plankton, the models
generate patchiness due to the proposed mechanism. The described mechanism may apply for other mesoscale variable environments
during light-limited growth periods as well, e.g., the frontal region of the Southern Ocean.
Received: 31 March 2001 / Accepted: 31 August 2001 相似文献
85.
Kurt O. Konhauser Vernon R. Phoenix Simon H. Bottrell David G. Adams & Ian M. Head 《Sedimentology》2001,48(2):415-433
Silicified deposits, such as sinters, occur in several modern geothermal environments, but the mechanisms of silicification (and crucially the role of microorganisms in their construction) are still largely unresolved. Detailed examination of siliceous sinter, in particular sections of microstromatolites growing at the Krisuvik hot spring, Iceland, reveals that biomineralization contributes a major component to the overall structure, with approximately half the sinter thickness attributed to silicified microorganisms. Almost all microorganisms observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) are mineralized, with epicellular silica ranging in thickness from < 5 μm coatings on individual cells, to regions where entire colonies are cemented together in an amorphous silica matrix tens of micrometres thick. Within the overall profile, there appears to be two very distinct types of laminae that alternate repeatedly throughout the microstromatolite: ‘microbial’ layers are predominantly consisting of filamentous, intact, vertically aligned, biomineralized cyanobacteria, identified as Calothrix and Fischerella sp.; and weakly laminated silica layers which appear to be devoid of any microbial component. The microbial layers commonly have a sharply defined base, overlying the weakly laminated silica, and a gradational upper surface merging into the weakly laminated silica. These cyclic laminations are probably explained by variations in microbial activity. Active growth during spring/summer allows the microorganisms to keep pace with silicification, with the cell surfaces facilitating silicification, while during their natural slow growth phase in the dark autumn/winter months silicification exceeds the bacteria’s ability to compensate (i.e. grow upwards). At this stage, the microbial colony is probably not essential to microstromatolite formation, with silicification presumably occurring abiogenically. When conditions once again become favourable for growth, recolonization of the solid silica surface by free‐living bacteria occurs: cell motility is not responsible for the laminations. We have also observed that microbial populations within the microstromatolite, some several mm in depth, appear viable, i.e. they still have their pigmentation, the trichomes are not collapsed, cell walls are unbroken, cytoplasm is still present and they proved culturable. This suggests that the bulk of silicification occurred rapidly, probably while the cells were still alive. Surprisingly, however, measurements of light transmittance through sections of the microstromatolite revealed that photosynthetically active light (PAL) only transmitted through the uppermost 2 mm. Therefore the ‘deeper’ microbial populations must have either: (i) altered their metabolic pathways; (ii) become metabolically inactive; or (iii) the deeper populations may be dominated by different microbial assemblages from that of the surface. From these collective observations, it now seems unequivocal that microstromatolite formation is intimately linked to microbial activity and that the sinter fabric results from a combination of biomineralization, cell growth and recolonization. Furthermore, the similarities in morphology and microbial component to some Precambrian stromatolites, preserved in primary chert, suggests that we may be witnessing contemporaneous biomineralization processes and growth patterns analogous to those of the early Earth. 相似文献
86.
西南岩溶地区是我国主要岩溶带之一,也是世界岩溶研究重点地区,区内因人口众多,植被破坏严重,部分地区因人为作用已经产生一系列的环境问题,本文从岩溶地区植被演替规律出发,针对不同植被生态条件,通过对比不同表层岩溶泉的水化学特征和表层土壤空气CO2(g)(表示呀以气相形式存在)的含量,分析了植被在岩溶区,特别在表层岩溶带的喀斯特效应,由此,一方面可以推动岩溶研究的进一步发展;另一方面可以提高人们的岩溶环境保护意识,从而为西南地区生态恢复提供基础资料。 相似文献
87.
本文首次弄清了毛垭温泉测点的局部地质环境,确定了测泉的水文地质性质和类型,弥补了建点基础资料之不足。采用常规的调查追踪方法对该前兆观测点近期出现的特大异常进行了较为详细地落实,并简要分析了调查结果。 相似文献
88.
89.
甘肃春末夏初飞机人工增雨天气系统分型 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用甘肃省1991~2002年飞机人工增雨作业资料,对春末夏初飞机人工增雨作业状况进行了统计分析;按照甘肃省的天气系统特征,利用探空资料,根据自动化“判别模型”的判别,得出甘肃降水的高空环流可分为三种类型:平直多波动型、西南气流型和西北气流型,其中降水类型以平直多波动型为多见。通过“判别模型”对飞机人工增雨天气系统的分型,结果表明,飞机人工增雨作业的主要天气类型首先为平直多波动型,其次为西南气流型。 相似文献
90.